Mountains
Altai Tavan Bogd Mountain
Altai Tavan Bogd, highest point of Mongolian territory: is a picturesque mountain with glacier and a permanent snow peak and is located at the cross borders of the west of Mongolia with Russia and China. The mountain is called Altai Tavan Bogd because of five high peaks. Those five peaks are Khuiten (4374 m high, and it has been called Ikh Mongol since 2006), Nairamdal (4082 m), Malchin (4037m), Burged (4068 m) and Ulgii (4050 m).
Tavan Bogd Mountain is glaciated and has permanent snow cover above 3100 m. There are 250 big and small glaciers which cover an area of 514 square km. There are 26 glaciated areas in the mountain range, the biggest being the Potanin, Aleksander and Graneger glaciers. Potanin glacier is biggest glacier in Mongolia and it is considered one of the big glaciers in central Asia. Potanin glacier is located on the beginning of Tsagaan Gol that begins from Altai Tavan Bogd, and it is 25 km long, 300-500 m wide, 50-200 m deep and covers 53.2 square km. Some big rivers of Central Asian basin such as Khovd River, Tsagaan River begin from the Altai Tavan Bogd Mountain.
Most of peaks above 3000 m have permanent snow. Maanit Mountain, at 3244 m high, on the west point of Mongolia, is located around 30 km far away to the south of Tavan Bogd mountain.
Around Altai Tavan Bogd mountain, especially on the Valley of Tsagaan River, there are many historical sights such as: the Baga Oigor writings; Zuun Oroin Uvuljuunii writings; Khar Yamaat River man stone; group memorials of Gants Mod spring; and the Tsagaan Salaa rock paintings. Tsagaan Salaagiin Rock painting has around 1000 paintings and it is not only Mongolia’s biggest, but also central Asia’s biggest ancient people’s complex gallery.
The area south of Tavan Bogd Mountain, 200 km long and 50-80 km wide, has been protected as a National Park since 1996. There are very rare animals, birds, fish and plants that are written in the International and Mongolian Red books, some white water rivers and waterfalls, fresh lakes created by glacial movement and small forest covered areas.
Climate is cooler than other areas, because 70 percent of total area is more than 2000-3000 m above sea level and 30 percent is more than 3000 m above sea level. Mongolian Altai Range has a continental climate with temperate summers and cold winters: the snow comes early and melts late. In summer, the average temperature ranges between 18 to 23 degrees plus, and in winter, the average temperature goes down between 32 to 37 degrees below zero. Average precipitation is 400-500 mm per year.
There are rare rodents, mammals and birds such as Snow leopards, ibexes, Altai mountain sheep, Altai marmots, Golden Eagle and Altai Snow Cock in this area.
Munkh Khairkhan - Second Highest Mountain in Mongolia
Munkhhairkhan Mountain has a variety of rare animals and plants, as well as it being one of the 4 areas where many species of amphibians and insects inhabit. This is a very unique place because there is a combination of plant species from Kazakhstan-Turan and East Asia existing, as well as a combination of Siberian forest and Central Asian desert. 690 species of plants including 98 species of trees and shrubs, 592 species of herbaceous plants exist here. This mountain is also home area of some rare animals like deer, wild sheep, ibex, snow leopard and snowcock, and also rare plants like tulip, globe flower and Altai onion.
Many glacial lakes like Aralt, Bayan, Buurug, Tsunkhel, Seruun and Bort lakes are around this mountain. There are also over 30 waterfalls and rapids: the biggest being the 27 m high Khukh Lake waterfall, Doloon lake waterfall and Gurtiin waterfall. Glaciers and permanent snow-capped mountains are the source of many of the rivers like the Turgen, Dund Tsenkher, Bodonch and Uench rivers, with their beautiful and deep rocky canyons. The mountain was protected in 2006 as a Natural Resource area.
Otgontenger Mountain
This Strictly Protected Area of a wide range of the Khangai Mountains is situated in the center of Mongolia. The highest peak of the Khangai mountain range is the Otgontenger Mountain, which is situated in the western part of the mountain range and was elevated 4021 meters above sea level, covered by eternal snow. It is one of the worshiped mountains of Mongolia. The peak and its environs protected since 1992, to conserve the high mountain ecosystem. The Strictly Protected Area covers 955 square kilometers in Zavkhan aimag, 100 kilometers east of the aimag center of Uliastai, including not only the Otgontenger of the Khangai Mountain range but also its spurs, and lake of Badar Khundaga.
The Otgontenger has many rare plants including Snussurea involucrata, Adonis mongolica, and Juniper (Juniperus). Snow leopard, Argali, Red Deer, Siberian Ibex and Musk Deer are here. This area represents the natural complexity of the Khangai mountain range and is a home to rare and very rare wildlife and bio-diversity.
Tsambagarav Mountain
Tsambagarav Mountain is one of the most glorious snowcapped peaks in Mongolia on the northwest boundary of Khovd with Bayan-Olgii province. Despite its altitude of 4202m, the summit is relatively accessible and easy to climb.
Uran Togoo – Extinct Volcano
The area is situated in Khutag-ondor soum territory of Bulgan aimag. This beautiful mountain was initially protected in 1965 by PGK Resolution No. 17. In 1995 it was designated as a monument by Parliament Resolution No. 26 with an area of 5,800 hectares of area. Uran-Togoo-Tulga-Uul is an inactive volcano with a unique natural form.
Zorgol Khairkhan Mountain
Zorgol Khairkhan - This is a sacred mountain, found in the area of Bayan Unjuul soum of Tov province, about 150 km from Ulaanbaatar. The peak is 1668m above the sea level. Zorgol Khairkhan Mountain is venerated and revered by the local people, who believe that it is the siege of a great, benevolent spirit. The huge, red granite mountain does indeed have a diverse and beautiful nature to offer. It has many caves and water springs. Lucky visitors may see wild animals like mountain goats, ibex and eagles. There are several burial sites of ancient Mongol soldiers around this mountain. According to shamanic custom, pronouncing the name of the holy mountains while visiting them is forbidden.
Khorgiin Togoo volcano and Terkhiin Tsagaan Lake
Located in Tariat soum, Arkhangai province. About origin of fresh watered Terkhiin Tsagaan Lake, flowing of north and south Terkh rivers locked by lava flow from a volcanic eruption. The length of lake is 16 km, width is 6 km, 20m deep, 2060 m above sea level and occupied 61 sq.km. The biggest river which is one of the 10 rivers, flow into lake is Terkh river. Also only one river flows from the lake is Suman river. Suman means “Arrow” because this river flows through the lake like an arrow.
There is a small island at the middle of the lake, birds make their nest and lay eggs. About Terkhiin tsagaan lake, there is interesting story. An ancient time, a mother and son were living this land and they carried their drink water from small fountain from the deep of ground. After they take some water they have to bung it. But one day son went to this fountain to take drink water but he forgot to bung it after take and he slept next to the fountain. Later some minutes this some area covered by huge water and son’s mother worried about his son and she take top of mountain named “Uran mandal”, bung the fountain. Since that time this lake is exist here. The top of “Uran mandal” mountain is small island that mentioned above.
Khorgiin Togoo volcano, located on the bank of Terkhiin tsagaan lake, 180 km from center of Arkhangai province. The volcano erupted to encompass huge of sq.km area 8 thousand years ago. Around the volcano there many cauldron shaped places to hide so Khorgiin togoo name is connected to these places. Also there are some interesting places such as ice cave , “Shar nokhoin tam” (hell of yellow dog) and “Cave of a person” around the volcano. 50 sq.km of this area preserved in 1965.
Altai Tavan Bogd, highest point of Mongolian territory: is a picturesque mountain with glacier and a permanent snow peak and is located at the cross borders of the west of Mongolia with Russia and China. The mountain is called Altai Tavan Bogd because of five high peaks. Those five peaks are Khuiten (4374 m high, and it has been called Ikh Mongol since 2006), Nairamdal (4082 m), Malchin (4037m), Burged (4068 m) and Ulgii (4050 m).
Tavan Bogd Mountain is glaciated and has permanent snow cover above 3100 m. There are 250 big and small glaciers which cover an area of 514 square km. There are 26 glaciated areas in the mountain range, the biggest being the Potanin, Aleksander and Graneger glaciers. Potanin glacier is biggest glacier in Mongolia and it is considered one of the big glaciers in central Asia. Potanin glacier is located on the beginning of Tsagaan Gol that begins from Altai Tavan Bogd, and it is 25 km long, 300-500 m wide, 50-200 m deep and covers 53.2 square km. Some big rivers of Central Asian basin such as Khovd River, Tsagaan River begin from the Altai Tavan Bogd Mountain.
Most of peaks above 3000 m have permanent snow. Maanit Mountain, at 3244 m high, on the west point of Mongolia, is located around 30 km far away to the south of Tavan Bogd mountain.
Around Altai Tavan Bogd mountain, especially on the Valley of Tsagaan River, there are many historical sights such as: the Baga Oigor writings; Zuun Oroin Uvuljuunii writings; Khar Yamaat River man stone; group memorials of Gants Mod spring; and the Tsagaan Salaa rock paintings. Tsagaan Salaagiin Rock painting has around 1000 paintings and it is not only Mongolia’s biggest, but also central Asia’s biggest ancient people’s complex gallery.
The area south of Tavan Bogd Mountain, 200 km long and 50-80 km wide, has been protected as a National Park since 1996. There are very rare animals, birds, fish and plants that are written in the International and Mongolian Red books, some white water rivers and waterfalls, fresh lakes created by glacial movement and small forest covered areas.
Climate is cooler than other areas, because 70 percent of total area is more than 2000-3000 m above sea level and 30 percent is more than 3000 m above sea level. Mongolian Altai Range has a continental climate with temperate summers and cold winters: the snow comes early and melts late. In summer, the average temperature ranges between 18 to 23 degrees plus, and in winter, the average temperature goes down between 32 to 37 degrees below zero. Average precipitation is 400-500 mm per year.
There are rare rodents, mammals and birds such as Snow leopards, ibexes, Altai mountain sheep, Altai marmots, Golden Eagle and Altai Snow Cock in this area.
Munkh Khairkhan - Second Highest Mountain in Mongolia
Munkhhairkhan Mountain has a variety of rare animals and plants, as well as it being one of the 4 areas where many species of amphibians and insects inhabit. This is a very unique place because there is a combination of plant species from Kazakhstan-Turan and East Asia existing, as well as a combination of Siberian forest and Central Asian desert. 690 species of plants including 98 species of trees and shrubs, 592 species of herbaceous plants exist here. This mountain is also home area of some rare animals like deer, wild sheep, ibex, snow leopard and snowcock, and also rare plants like tulip, globe flower and Altai onion.
Many glacial lakes like Aralt, Bayan, Buurug, Tsunkhel, Seruun and Bort lakes are around this mountain. There are also over 30 waterfalls and rapids: the biggest being the 27 m high Khukh Lake waterfall, Doloon lake waterfall and Gurtiin waterfall. Glaciers and permanent snow-capped mountains are the source of many of the rivers like the Turgen, Dund Tsenkher, Bodonch and Uench rivers, with their beautiful and deep rocky canyons. The mountain was protected in 2006 as a Natural Resource area.
Otgontenger Mountain
This Strictly Protected Area of a wide range of the Khangai Mountains is situated in the center of Mongolia. The highest peak of the Khangai mountain range is the Otgontenger Mountain, which is situated in the western part of the mountain range and was elevated 4021 meters above sea level, covered by eternal snow. It is one of the worshiped mountains of Mongolia. The peak and its environs protected since 1992, to conserve the high mountain ecosystem. The Strictly Protected Area covers 955 square kilometers in Zavkhan aimag, 100 kilometers east of the aimag center of Uliastai, including not only the Otgontenger of the Khangai Mountain range but also its spurs, and lake of Badar Khundaga.
The Otgontenger has many rare plants including Snussurea involucrata, Adonis mongolica, and Juniper (Juniperus). Snow leopard, Argali, Red Deer, Siberian Ibex and Musk Deer are here. This area represents the natural complexity of the Khangai mountain range and is a home to rare and very rare wildlife and bio-diversity.
Tsambagarav Mountain
Tsambagarav Mountain is one of the most glorious snowcapped peaks in Mongolia on the northwest boundary of Khovd with Bayan-Olgii province. Despite its altitude of 4202m, the summit is relatively accessible and easy to climb.
Uran Togoo – Extinct Volcano
The area is situated in Khutag-ondor soum territory of Bulgan aimag. This beautiful mountain was initially protected in 1965 by PGK Resolution No. 17. In 1995 it was designated as a monument by Parliament Resolution No. 26 with an area of 5,800 hectares of area. Uran-Togoo-Tulga-Uul is an inactive volcano with a unique natural form.
Zorgol Khairkhan Mountain
Zorgol Khairkhan - This is a sacred mountain, found in the area of Bayan Unjuul soum of Tov province, about 150 km from Ulaanbaatar. The peak is 1668m above the sea level. Zorgol Khairkhan Mountain is venerated and revered by the local people, who believe that it is the siege of a great, benevolent spirit. The huge, red granite mountain does indeed have a diverse and beautiful nature to offer. It has many caves and water springs. Lucky visitors may see wild animals like mountain goats, ibex and eagles. There are several burial sites of ancient Mongol soldiers around this mountain. According to shamanic custom, pronouncing the name of the holy mountains while visiting them is forbidden.
Khorgiin Togoo volcano and Terkhiin Tsagaan Lake
Located in Tariat soum, Arkhangai province. About origin of fresh watered Terkhiin Tsagaan Lake, flowing of north and south Terkh rivers locked by lava flow from a volcanic eruption. The length of lake is 16 km, width is 6 km, 20m deep, 2060 m above sea level and occupied 61 sq.km. The biggest river which is one of the 10 rivers, flow into lake is Terkh river. Also only one river flows from the lake is Suman river. Suman means “Arrow” because this river flows through the lake like an arrow.
There is a small island at the middle of the lake, birds make their nest and lay eggs. About Terkhiin tsagaan lake, there is interesting story. An ancient time, a mother and son were living this land and they carried their drink water from small fountain from the deep of ground. After they take some water they have to bung it. But one day son went to this fountain to take drink water but he forgot to bung it after take and he slept next to the fountain. Later some minutes this some area covered by huge water and son’s mother worried about his son and she take top of mountain named “Uran mandal”, bung the fountain. Since that time this lake is exist here. The top of “Uran mandal” mountain is small island that mentioned above.
Khorgiin Togoo volcano, located on the bank of Terkhiin tsagaan lake, 180 km from center of Arkhangai province. The volcano erupted to encompass huge of sq.km area 8 thousand years ago. Around the volcano there many cauldron shaped places to hide so Khorgiin togoo name is connected to these places. Also there are some interesting places such as ice cave , “Shar nokhoin tam” (hell of yellow dog) and “Cave of a person” around the volcano. 50 sq.km of this area preserved in 1965.
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